Jamb SyllaBus

GOVERNMENT
GENERAL OBJECTIVES

The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the objectives of the course in Government.
These objectives are to:

i. appreciate the meaning of government;
ii. analyse the framework and specify the institutions of government;
iii. explain the concept of citizenship and define the duties and obligations of a citizen;
iv. appreciate the process of political development;
v. evaluate the political development and problems of governance in Nigeria;
vi. assess the role of Nigeria as a member of the international community and the workings of international organizations

DETAILED SYLLABUS
PART 1: ELEMENT OF GOVERNMENT
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.Basic concepts in government
a.Power, Right, Legitimacy, Authority, Sovereignty:
b. Society, State, nation, Nation- State;
c. Political Processes Political Socialization, Political Participation, Political Culture.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the fundamental concepts in governance;
ii. analyse various political processes;

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
2.Forms of Government:
Monarchy, Aristocracy, Oligarchy, Autocracy, Republic, Democracy- definitions, features, merits and demerits.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. distinguish between different forms of government.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
3. Arms of Government:
a.The Legislature - types, structure, functions, powers;
b.The executive - types and functions, powers;
c.The Judiciary - functions,

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the duties and obligations of the various arms of government and their agencies;
ii. relate each arm to its function.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
4.Structures of Government:
Unitary, Federal, Confederal - features,  reasons for   adoption, merits and demerits.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. compare the various political structures of governance.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
5.Systems of Governance:
Presidential, Parliamentary and Monarchical.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. distinguish between the different systems of governance.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
6.Political Ideologies:
Communalism, Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism, Fascism, Communism

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between the major political ideologies;
ii. contrast modes of production,

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
7. Constitution
Written, Unwritten, Rigid and Flexible.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. compare the nature of constitutions

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
8. Principles of Democratic Government:
Ethics and accountability in Public Office separation of power/checks and balances, individual and Collective Responsibility Constitutionalism, Rule of Law.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the principles of democratic government;
ii. determine the application of these principles;

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
9. Processes of Legislation:
Legislative Enactment -   acts, edicts, delegated legislation, decrees.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse the processes involved in the making of laws.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
10. Citizenship:
i. Meaning, types
ii. Citizenship rights;
iii. Duties and obligations of citizens

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate between the various types of citizenship;
ii. specify the  rights and responsibilities of a citizen.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
11. The Electoral Process:
Franchise, Election, Electoral System, Electoral Commission

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse the various electoral processes.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
12. Party Systems:
i. Definition, function and types
ii. Political parties - Definition, Organization, functions.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. distinguish between types of party system;
ii. assess the role of political parties

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
13.Pressure Groups:
Definition, types, functions and modes of operation.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. distinguish between pressure groups and political parties

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
14.Public Opinion:
Meaning, functions and measurement.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. assess the function of public opinion;
ii. compare methods of assessing public opinion.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
15. The Civil service:
Definition, Characteristics, functions, structure, control and problems.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. analyse the significance of civil service, in governance.

PART II: POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1. Pre - colonial Polities:
Sarauta, Emirate, Tiv, Igbo, Yoruba - structure/system of governance

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. Compare pre-colonial systems of governance

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
2. Imperialist Penetration:
a.The British process of acquisition - trade, missionary activities, company rule, crown
colony, protectorate;
b.The British colonial administrative policy – direct and indirect rule;
c.Impact of British colonial rule economic, political, socio-cultural;
d.Comparison of British and French Colonial administration.

OBJECTIVES
i. Compare pre-colonial systems of governance
Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the processes of imperialist penetration;
ii. assess the impact of British policies;
iii. distinguish between British and French colonial practices.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
3. Process of Decolonization
a.Nationalist Movements - meaning, emergence, goals, strategies, nationalist leaders - Herbert Macaulay, Nnamdi Azikiwe, Obafemi Awolowo,Ahmadu Bello and others; emergence of nationalist parties
b.Influence of Exteral factors;
c.Constitutional development -the Clifford (1922, Richards (1946), Macpherson (1951), Lyttelton (1954) and Independence (I960) constitutions.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. evaluate the  process of decolonization;
ii. assess the roles  of nationalist leaders and parties;
iii. assess the impact of external forces and ideas (Pan-Africanism, Back - to - Africa Movements, etc),
iv. Compare the various constitutional developments.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
4. Post-independence Constitutions 1963, 1979, 1989 and 1999 -characteristics and shortcomings

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. assess the workings of the various constitutions.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
5.Institutions of Government in the Post - Independence period;
The legislature, the executive and the Judiciary - structure, functions and workings

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i.evaluate the operations of the arms of government and their agencies, e.g the civil service, armed forces, police, courts and others.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
5. Public Commissions Established by the 1979 and Subsequent Constitutions:
The Civil service Commission, the Public Complaints Commission, Electoral Commissions and others objectives and functions.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. evaluate the operations of public commissioners;
ii. assess  the problems of, and constraints on
iii. the public commissions.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
7. Political parties in the Post- Independence period:
Political parties party politics — First, second, third and fourth Republics.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. Contrast political process in the republics.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
8. The structure and Workings of Nigerian Federalism:
a. Rationale for a Federal System
b. Tiers of government and their relationship
c. Creation of States - 1963, 1967, 1976, 1987, 1991, 1996;
d. Problems of Nigerian Federalism - census, revenue allocation, conflicts etc. solutions e. g. Federal character, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. examine the workings of Nigerian federalism;.
ii. identify its problems;
iii. evaluate the corrective measure adopted.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
10. Local Government:
a.Localgovernment administration prior to 1976;
b.Features of Local Government reforms (1976, 1989) - structure, functions, finance and inter-governmental relation;
c.Traditional rulers and local governments.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. trace the evolution and structure of local government;
ii. identify the major problems faced by local governments.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
11. The military in Nigerian Politics
a.Factors that led to military intervention;
b.Structure of military regimes;
c.Impact of military rule - political, e. g state creation etc.  economic, e.g SAP, etc.
d.Processes of military disengagement.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. evaluate the reasons given for military intervention;
ii. asses the achievements of military rule;
iii. determine the conditions that necessitated withdrawal from governance.

PARTIII: NIGERIA AND THE INTERVENTIONAL COMMUNITY
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1. Foreign Policy:
a. Definition, purpose, determining factors;
b. Nigerian foreign policy;
i. Relations with major powers;
ii. Relations with developing countries.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. identify the major objectives of Nigerian foreign policy;
ii. analyse Nigeria's aligned posture;

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
2. Relations with African Countries:
a. Africaas "centre piece"- guiding principles, implementation and implications;
b. NEPAD - origin, objectives and implications.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i. evaluate the role of Nigeria in continental affairs;
ii. assess the role of NEPAD in developing Africa.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
3. Nigeria in International organizations
a. The United Nations;
b. The Commonwealth;
c. The organization of African unity;
d. The African Union;
e. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS);
f. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i.  analyse the dynamics of Nigeria's involvement in international organizations;
ii. assess their contribution to the development of Nigeria.

PART IV: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS:
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1. International organizations:
a. ECOWAS;
b. OAU, AU;
c. Commonwealth;
d. UNO;
e. OPEC;
- Origin, objectives, structure, functions, achievements, problems and prospects of these organizations.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
i.  identify international organizations;
ii. assess  the role of these organizations in world affairs.

RECOMMENDED TEXTS
Adigwe. F (1985) Essentials of Government for West Africa, Ibadan:   University Press Pic.
Anifowose,  R and  Enemuo,  F.  C (eds)(1999) Elements of Politics,  Lagos; Malthouse Press Limited.
Appadorai, A. (1978) The substance of politics, London: Oxford University Press.
Ball, A. R. (1983) Modern Politics and Government, London: macmillan.
Ikein, A. A. (1990) The impact of Oil on a Developing Country; The case of Nigeria, Ibadan; Evans.
Ofoegbu, R.  (1977)  Government for the Certificate Year, London: George Allen and Unwin.
Ojiako, J. O. (1981) Nigeria Yesterday, oday and?   Onitsha Africana Educational Publishers (Nig.) Ltd.
Olawale, J. B (1987) New Topics on Ordary Level government, Ilesha: Jola publishing.
Omolewa, M. (1991) A certificate History of Nigeria, Ibadan: Longman.
Oyediran, O. Nwosu, H., Takaya, B., Anifowoshe, R., Femi, B., Godwill, O. and Adigun, A. (1990) Government for Senior Secondary Schools, Books 1, 2 and 3 Ibadan: Longman.
Oyeneye, I., Onyenwenu, M. and Olusunde, B. E. (2000) Round-up Government for Senior Secondary School Certifcate Examination: A complete Guide, Ibadan: Longman.
Oyovbaire, S., Oguna, A. E. C, amucheazi, E. C, Coker, H. o. and Oshuntuyi, O. (2001) Countdown to senior Secondary Countdown to Senior Secondary Certifcate Examination: Government, Ibadan: Evans.

Music

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Music is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

1.appreciate and discuss music fairly and critically;
2.identify, through written analysis, the features of the music of the different periods of Western and African music history, peoples, its forms and the media;
3.appreciate the influence of socio-cultural factors on the lives and music of musicians.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

SECTION A: RUDIMENTS OF MUSIC

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

1. The staff
(a) The great stall
(b) Ledger lines and space
(c) Open score (vocal score)
(d) C clef, alto (viola clef) and tenor clef.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify all the components of the staff and the application.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

2. Music    
Notes/Rests and their corresponding value

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine the relative duration of different notes and rests.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3.Time/Time signature
(simple and compound time signatures), the correct grouping of notes and barring of unbarred passages.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. interpret varies rhythmic patterns in monotone


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

4.A - Key signatures and scales:
(i) Diatonic major/minor (natural  Harmonic and melodic)
(ii) Names of the various degrees of the scale B - Determination of the key of a      piece of music with or  without key signature NOT exceeding two sharps and two      flats.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify simple scale passages with or  without key signature.

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5.(a) Keyboard setting and Enharmonic  equivalents.
  (b) Accidentals.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to :

i. identify the names of the white and black keys and their relationship, e.g. (C sharp = Db = Bx).



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

6. Recognition of diatonic
intervals and their inversions (e.g. perfect unison, perfect 4th, perfect 5th, perfect 8ve), major/minor 2nd, 3rd, 6th and 7th, diminished 5th and augmented 4th.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine different qualities of intervals (melodic and harmonic).



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

7. Definition of simple musical terms, abbreviations and expressions.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. interpret simple musical terms.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

8. (a) Transcription of music from staff into tonic solfa notation and  vice-versa. '
   (b) Transposition using the treble (G) and  bass (F) staves NOT  exceeding two        sharps and two  flats.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. detect music in any given notation.

SECTION B: ELEMENTARY HARMONY

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1. Triads and their inversions in majorkeys. NOT exceeding two sharps and two flats.
(a) Primary triads in major keys.
(b) Secondary triads in major keys.

NOTE A:
CHORD INDICATIONS
(i) major triads are indicated with capital Roman numerals e.g. I
(ii) minor triads are indicated with small Roman numerals e.g. i
(iii) diminished triads are indicated with small Roman numerals with a "o" sign, e.g.       viio
(iv) augmented triads are indicated with capital numerals with a "+", e.g 111+

NOTE B:
(i)  In any major scale, major triads areI,rV andV
(ii)  minor triads are ii, iii and vi
(iii)  diminished triads is viio

NOTE C:
(i) in any harmoic minor, minor   triads are i and iv
(ii) major triads are V and VI
(ii) diminished triads are ii and viio
(iv) augmented triads is 111+

NOTE D:
Primary triads are I, IV and V in major scales but i, iv and V in harmonic minor scales.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.  identify triads;
ii. compare types of triads;
iii.determine the use of triads.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES .

2.(a) Basic chord progressions in four part vocal style (SATB) in major keys NOT exceeding two sharps and two flats.
(b) Dominant 7th chord in root position only

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine the basic chord progressions in a music passage.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3.Kinds of motion; Parallel, similar, contrary and oblique

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the various kinds of motion in a musical passage



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

4.Cadences in major keys NOT exceeding two sharps and two flats.
(a)perfect cadence
(b)imperfect cadence/semi adence/half close
(c)Plagal; cadence/Amen cadence
(d)interrupted cadence / deceptive cadence /evaded  cadence /surprise  cadence

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the various types of cadences in a musical score



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
5.  Non-harmonic tones/non-chord tones; identification and application of the following:
(a) neighbouring tones/auxiliary notes  
(b) passing tones/notes
(c) anticipation
(d) acciacaturc
(e) suspension escape
(g) tone

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. relate harmonic or non-harmonic  tones to the chords with which theyare    associated.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

6. MODULATION
Simple diatonic modulations (using a single melodic line only) from any given major key NOT exceeding two sharp and two flats to any of its closely related keys (dominant and subdominant).

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine a given melody and its  modulation.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

7. Elementary Composition:
(a) Setting of words to  written melody:
(b) Recognition of suitable answers to  given musical phrases

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify  suitable melody in given words, compatible and balanced (parallel or contrasting).


SECTION C: HISTORY AND LITERATURE OF AFRICAN MUSIC

i. Nigerian folksongs, types, form and characteristic.
(a) Types:cradle, folk-tales, games, war, satirical, dirges/funeral, elegies, historical, masquerade, praise and work song, etc.
(b) Forms: call and response, strophic, through - composed, etc.
(c) Characteristics: vocal styles, recitative, yodeling, ululation, incantation, heaving,    whistling, etc.

(ii) Scales/modes: tritonic, tetratonic, pehtatohic, hexatonic etc.

(iii) Metre/Rhythm: Metric and non-metric,  polyrnetric, cross rhythm, syncopation, hernipla, polyrhythm, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify various folksongs and their types;
ii. compare their forms and features



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

2. General knowledge of the features and forms of Nigeria  traditional music and dances.
(i) Festivals: e.g. Osun, Ifa, Ogun, Ekpo, Ofala, Iri-ji (New Yain Festival) Ovia,     Osese, Mmanwu (Masquerade), Ikv-Oso, Argungu(Fishing), EEyo/Adamu -r     Orisa, Gelede, etc.
(ii)Dances: social, ritual and ceremonial e.g. masquerade, koroso, etilogwu, ikperikpe(war dance), egedeege, kwaghir, agbon, nkwa ; imuaghogho, bata, bori, swange, dundun, kokoma, abigbo, okonko, etc

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. analyse the features and; forms of Nigerian tradition music and dances
Candidates should be able to:
i. differentiate   between   the; various  types of festivals and dances;
ii. suggest ways to preserve them.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

3. INSTRUMENTS:
Nigerian tradition musical instruments:
CLASSIFICATIONS:
(a) Aerophones:
(i)  Kakaki, algaita, sarewa,  pedete, obati, farai, kaho, imar, mongoih, taluk,      damalgo.etc.
(ii) Oja, opi, pipilo, odu, nnuk, ugene, ofiom, akpele,etc.
(iii) ekutu, teremagbem, ayeteode,  odikakora,   etc.

(b) Chordophones:
(i) goge, kukuma,  komo, kwamsa, kuntigi, lasha, molo, garaya, gurmi, etc.
(ii) une, ubo-akwara, etc.
(iii) goje, molo, etc

(c) Idiophones:
(i.) kundung, karawa, shantu, etc.
(ii) Oyo, ichaka,. ogene, aja, ekpili, aja, ekwe, udu, ikoro, ngedegwu, okpokoro, ekere, mgbiligba, ikpo, alo, ubo-aka,  etc.
(iii) sekere, agogo, agidigbo, alo,  oma, aro, ukuse, eromwon, etc

(d) Membranophones:
(i) ganga, tambari, taushi, banga, balle, kuntuku, kalangu, gangan-noma, tandu,etc.
(ii) Igba, nsing, ban yogume, emoba,  etc.
(iii) pese, igbin, bata, bembe, gudugudu, kanango,dundunm, ogidigbo, gangan,  etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate   between   the   various   types and classes of musical . instruments;
ii. classify them into their categories.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

4. Knowedge of the lives and music of the following African tradition musicians:
A. NIGERIANS
(i) Sani Sabulu, Sani Dan Indo, Hassan Wayam, Barmani  Coge, Danlami Nasarawa,     Garba Super, Dankwairo, Aminu mai  Asharalle, Shehu Ajilo, Dan Maraya Jos, Dan        Alalo, Mamman Shata, Haruna Uje, etc.
(ii)  Ezigbo Obiligbo, Seven-Seven, Morocco Maduka, Okechukwu Nwatu, etc.
(iii) Kokoro, the blind Minstrel, Anikura, Tunde Alao etc.

B. OTHER AFRICANS
Vinoko Akpalu, Daniel Amponsah (alias koo Nimo), Efua Basa, Kwaa Mensah etc;

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify different groups to which various musicians belong;
ii. trace their biographies;
iii. analyse their musicals styles;
iv. assess their contributions to the music industry.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5. Evolution and Development of African Popular Music:
Highlife, Afro-beat, Fuji, Apala, Reggae, Makosa, Ikwokirikwo, Okukuseku, Ekassa, Awurebe, Waka etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate one musical genre from another;
ii. Examine their influence on society.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

6.  Knowledge of the live and music of the following African Popular Musicians.
A. NIGERIANS:Bongos Ikwe, Charles Oputa (alias Charlie Boy), Oliver De Coque, Nelly Uchendu, Osita Osadebe, Bright Chimezie,Bobby Benso, Victor Uwaifor, Sunny Okosun, Fela Anikulapo Kuti, I. K. Dairo, Victor Olaiya, Ebenezer Obey, Sunny Ade, Fatai Rolling Dollar, Bala Miller, Alhaji Uba Rawa, Zaaki Adzee, 2Face, Styl Plus, P. Square, Dijnee, Paul Play Dairo, Eedris Abdulkareem, Debang, Sunni Neji, Lagbaja, Zule Zoo, Daddy Showkey, Majek Fashek, Ras Kimono, Jeremiah Gyang, etc.

B. OTHER AFRICAN
Manu Dibango, E. T. Mensah, Jerry Hansen, Kofi Olomide, Awilo Logomba, Papa Wemba, Salif Kaita, Angelique Kidjo, Lucky Dube, Yvonne Chakachaka, Brenda Fasie, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. relate the musicians to the music they perform;
ii. trace their biographies;
iii. examine their type of music;
iv. assess their contributions to the development of music



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

7. Knowledge of the lives and music of the following African Art Musicians:

A. NIGERIANS
W. W. C. Echezona, Laz Ekwueme, Sam Akpabot, Ikoli Harcourt Whyte, Joshua Uzoigwe, Mosun Omibiyi-Obidike, Tunji Vidal, Ademola Adegbite, Yemi Olaniyan, Ayo Bankole, Akin Euba, Sam Ojukwu, A. K. Achinivu, Bode Omojola, Felix Nwuba, Christopher Oyesiku, etc.

B. OTHER AFRICANS:
Joseph S. Maison, N. Z. Nayo, J. H. Kwabena Nketia, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. relate the musicians to the music they perform;
ii. trace their biographies;
iii. examine their type of music;
iv. assess their contributions to the development of music

SECTION D: HISTORY AND LITERATURE OF WESTERN MUSIC


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

1.(A) Historical development of Western music styles in respect of the periods
(i) Medieval/Middle Age- 800 - 1400 (ii) Renaissance period -1400 - 1600 (iii) Baroque period - 1600 - 1750
(iv) Classical period - 1750 – 1820
(v)  Romantic period - 1820 - 1900

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. trace the stages of the development of Western musical practice from the Medieval to the end of the romantic period.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

B. COMPOSERS
Palestrina, Claudio Monteverdi, Henry Purcell, J.S. Bach, G. F. Handel, W. A. Mozart, Franz Joseph Haydn, Ludwig Van Beethoven, Franz Schubert,Frederic Chopin, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the composers;
ii. assess their contributions



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

2. MUSIC FORMS
(i) Binary, .ternary, Rondo, Sonata Allegro, Dance Suite, Canon, Free Fantasia, Theme and variation, etc;
(ii) Orchestral and Band instruments and classifications
(iii) The human voice (its types, ranges and qualities)
(iv) Keboard [instrument - the organ, piano and electronic keyboard, etc
(v) Knowledge of the following instruments: Ukuele, banjo, guitar, mandoline, harp, accordion, xylophone,   marimba, ect.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the general forms and various types of instruments in Western  music

SECTION E: COMPARATIVE MUSIC STUDIES


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

1. An overview of the . following black musicians (composers, performers, etc) in the diaspora. Mighty Sparrow, James Brown, Bob Marley, Michael Jackson," Stevie' Wonder, Lionel Richie, R. Kelly; Lauryn Hill, Kirk Franklin, Tupac Shakur, Shabba Ranks, Quincy Jones, Boyz II Men, Sean Paul, Janet Jackson,; Whitney Houston, Beybnce brandy, Usher, Kevin Lyttle, Bobby Brown, M; C: Hammer, L. L. Cbbl J;, Dr. Dre, Snoop Doggy, Mary J. Blige, etc.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the musicians in the diaspora; ii. assess their musical influence on the global society.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

2. Forms to be examined include negro spiritual, gospel music, jazz, rhythm and blues, soul, calypso, rock -n' roll, reggae, afro-beat, tango, rap, chachacha, bolerej, twist hip-hop, etc;

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the various forms of musical genres;
ii. trace  the  origins  of the  musical genres.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
3. The spirit of nationalism in Nigerian music.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify some ofv the features and materials used.C by nationalist composers to create,,. project, and sustain cultural and patriotic awareness;
ii. assess their roles in Nigerian nationalism.

Music
RECOMMENDED TEXTS
Akpabot, S. E. (1986) Foundation of Nigerian Traditional Music, Ibadan: Spectrum
Associated Board (1958) Rudiments and Theory of Music, London
Cole, W. (1969) The Form of Music, London: The Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music
Echezona, W. W. C. (1981) Nigerian Musical Instruments, Enugu: Apollo Publishers Ltd.
Ekwueme L. (1993) Choir Training and Choral Conducting for African, Lagos:
Lenaus Advertising and Publishg Company
Hoist, I. (1963) An ABC of Music, Oxford: Oxforf University Press
Hosier, (1961) Instruments of the Orchestra Oxford: Oxford University Press Hunt, R. (1960) Elements of Music
Inartga, A. (1993) Music for Secondary Schools Vols, I and II, Ibadan: Spectrum Kamien, R. (1990) Music: An Appreciation, McGraw - Hill Publishing Company Kennedy, M. (1985) The Concise Ocford Dictionary of Music, (Third Edition),
London: Oxford University Press
Kitson, C. H. (1978) Elementary Harmony Book 2, London: Oxford University Press
Kofoworola, Z. O. And Lateef, Y. (1987) Hausa performing Arts and Music, Nigeria Magazine
Lovelock, W. (1953) A Concise History of Music, London: Bell and Hyman Machlis, J. (1977) The Enjoyment of Music, New York: W. W. Norton
Mensah, A. A. (Undate) Folksongs for Schools, Accra
Morris, R. O. (1974) The Oxford Harmony, Vol I, London: Oxford University Press
Nketia, J. H. (1974) African Music, New York: W. W. Norton Company
Palmer, K. (1965) Teach Yourself Music, London: The English University Press Limited
Reed, H. O. (1954) Ibasic Music: A Basic Theory Text, New York: 19, N. Y. Mills Music Inc.
Taylor, E. (1989) The Guide to Music Theory, London: The Associated Board of The Royal Schools of Music
Warburton, A. O. (1955) Graded Music Course for schools, Books I-in, London: Longman

PHYSICS
GENERAL OBJECTIVES.

The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Physics is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

(1) sustain their interest in physics;
(2) develop attitude relevant to physics that encourage accuracy, precision and           objectivity;
(3) interpret physical phenomena, laws, definitions, concepts and other theories;
(4) demonstrate the ability to solve correctly physics problems using relevant            theories and concepts.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1.    MEASUREMENTS AND UNITS
(a)Length area and volume:
   Metre rule, Venier calipers.  
   Micrometer Screw-guage.

(b) Mass
  (i) unit of mass.
  (ii) use of simple beam balance.

(c) Time
    (i) unit of time.
    (ii) time-measuring devices.

(d)  Fundamental physical quantities

(e) Derived physical quantities and their units.
    (i) Combinations of fundamental quantities and determination of their units.

(f)  Dimensions
    (i) definition of dimensions.
    (ii) simple examples.

(g)Limitations of experimental measurements
    (i) accuracy of measuring instruments
    (ii)simple estimation of errors.
    (iii)significant figures.
    (iv) standard form.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the units of length area and volume;
ii.use different measuring instruments;
iii.determine the lengths, surface areas and volume of regular and irregular bodies;
iv. identify the unit of mass;  
 v. use   simple   beam   balance, e.g Buchart's   balance   and  chemical  balance;
vi. identify the unit of time;
vii.use different  time-measuring  devices;
viii.relate   the   fundamental physical quantities to their units;
ix.  deduce the units of derived physical quantities;
 x.  determine the dimensions of physical quantities;
xi.  use the dimensions to determine the units of physical quantities;
xii. test the homogeneity of an equation;
xiii.determine the accuracy of measuring instruments:
xiv. estimate simple errors;
xv.  express measurements in standard form.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2.Scalars and Vectors
  (i)  definition of scalar and vector quantities.
  (ii)  examples of scalar and vector quantities.
  (iii)  relative velocity.
  (iv)  resolution of vectors into two Perpendicular directions including graphical         methods of solution.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. distinguish between scalar and vector quantities;
ii.give examples of scalar and vector quantities;
iii.determine the resultant of two or more vectors;
iv. determine relative velocity;
 v. resolve vectors into two perpendicular components;
vi. use graphical methods to solve vector problems.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Motion
(a)  Types of motion: translational, oscillatory, rotational, spin and random
(b)  linear motion.
    (i) speed, velocity and aceleration.
    (ii)equations  of uniformly accelerated motion.
    (iii) motion under gravity.
    (iv) distance-time graph and velocity time graph.
    (v) instantaneous velocity and acceleration.
(c)  Projectiles:
    (i) calculation of range, maximum height and time of flight
    (ii)applications of projectile motion
(d)  Newton's laws of motion:
    (i) inertia, mass and force.
    (ii) relationship between mass and acceleration.
    (iii) impulse and momentum.
    (iv) conservation of linear momentum (Coefficient of restitution not necessary).

(e)  Motion in a circle:
    (i) angular velocity and angular acceleration.
    (ii)centripetal and centrifugal.

(f.) Simple Harmonic Motion (S.H.M.):
(i)  definition and explanation of simple harmonic motion.
(ii) examples of systems that excutes S.H.M.
(iii)period frequency and amplitude of S.H.M.
(iv) velocity and acceleration of S.H.M.
(v)  energy change in S.H.M.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to :

i. identify different types of motion ;
ii.differentiate between speed, velocity and acceleration;
iii.deduce equations of uniformly  accelerated motion;
iv. solve problems of motion under gravity;
 v. interpret distance-time graph and velocity-time graph;
vi. compute instantaneous velocity and acceleration
vii.establish expressions for the range, maximum height and time of flight of     projectiles;
viii.solve problems involving projectile motion;
ix.  interpret Newton's laws of motion;
x.   compare inertia, mass and force;
xi.  deduce the relationship between mass and acceleration;
xii. solve numerical problems involving impulse and momentum;
xiii.interpret the law of conservation of linear momentum;
xiv. establish expression for  angular velocity, angular
     acceleration and centripetal force; applications
xv. solve numerical problems involving motion in a circle;
xvi.establish the relationship between period and frequency;
xvii.analyse the energy changes occurring during S.H.M.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

4.  Gravitational field
(i) Newton’s Law of universal gravitation.
(ii) gravitational potential.
(iii.conservative and non conservative fields.
(iv) acceleration due to gravity [g=GM/R].
 (v) variation of g on the earth’s surface.
(vi) distinction between mass and weight.
(vii)escape velocity.
(viiiIparking orbit and weightlessness.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

(i) Identify the expressions for gravitational force between two bodies;
(ii)Apply Newton’s law of universal gravitation;
(iii)Give examples of conservative and non-conservative and non-conservation fileds;
(iv)deduce the expression for gravitational field potential.
(v)identify the causes of variation of g on the earth’s surface;
(vi)differentiate between mass amd weight.
(vii)determine escape velocity.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5. Equilibrium of Forces.
(a)equilibrium of a particular.
(i)equilibrium of coplanar forces.
(ii)triangles and polygon of forces.
(iii)Lami’s theorem.

(b)Principles of moments
(i)  momemt of a force.
(ii) simple treatment and moment of a couple (torgue).
(iii)application.

(c)conditions for equilibrium of rigid bodies under the action of parallel and non –   parallel forces.
(i)resolution and composition of forces in two perpendicular directions.
(ii)resultant   and equilibrant.
(d)center of gravity and stability.
(i)stable, unstable and neutral equilibrate.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate must be able to:

i.apply the conditions for the equilibrium of coplanar foirce to solve problems;
ii.use triangle and polygon laws of forces to solve equilibrium problems
iii.use Lami’s theorem to solve problems
iv.analyse the principle of moment of a force
v.determine moment of a force and couple
vi.describe some applications of moment of a force and couple.
vii.apply the conditions for the equilibrium of rigid bodies to solve problems
viii.resolve forces into two perpendicular directions;
ix.determine the resultant and equilibrium of forces
x. differentiate between stable, unstable and neutral equilibrium


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

6. Work Energy and Power.
(i) definition of work, energy and power.
(ii) forms of energy.
(iii)conservation of energy.
(iv) qualitative treatment between different forms of energy.
(v)  interpretation of area under the force-distance curve.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate between work, energy and power;
ii.compare different forms of energy, giving examples;
iii.apply the principle of conservation of energy;
iv. examine the transformation between different forms of energy;.
 v. interpret the area under the force -distance curve.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

7.Friction
(i) static and dynamic friction.
(ii)coefficient of limiting friction and its determination.
(iii)advantages and disadvantages of friction.
(iv) reduction of friction qualitative treatment of viscosity and terminal viscosity.
(V)  stoke's  law.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate between static and dynamic friction
ii.determine the coefficient of limiting friction;
iii.compare the advantages and disadvantage of friction;
iv. suggest ways by which friction can be reduced;
v.  analyse factors that affect viscosity and terminal velocity;
vi. apply stoke's law.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

8.Simple Machines.
(i) definition of machine.
(ii)types of machines.
(iii)mechanical advantage,velocity ratio and efficiency of      
     machines.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  identify different types of machines;
ii. solve problems involving simple machines.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.
.
9.Elasticity
  (i)  elastic limit, yield point, breaking point, Hooke's law and Young's modulus.
  (ii)  the spring balance as a device for measuring force.
  (iii) work done in springs and elastic Strings.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  interpret force-extension curves; .
ii. interpret Hooke's law and Young's modulus of a material; ,
iii use spring balance to measure force;
iv. determine the work done in spring and elastic strings.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

10.Pressure
(a) Atmospheric Pressure.
(i) definition of atmospheric pressure.
(ii) units of pressure (S.I) units.
(iii) measurement of pressure.
(iv) simple mercury.baromcter,aneroid barometer and   manometer.
(v) variation of pressure with height.
(vi) the use of barometer as an altimeter.

(b) Pressure in liquids
(i)  the relationship between pressure, depth and density (P = pgh).
(ii) transmission of pressure in liquids (Pascal's Principle).      
(iii)application.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  recognize the S.I units of pressure;
ii. identify pressure measuring instruments;
iii. relate the variation of pressure to height;
iv. use a barometer as an altimeter.
 v. determine the relationship between pressure, depth and density;
vi. apply the principle of transmission of pressure in liquids to solve problems;
vii. determine the application of pressure in liquid;

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
11.Liquids At Rest
(i)  determination of density of solid and liquids
(ii) definition of relative density
(iii)upthrust on a body immersed in a liquid
(iv) Archimede's principle and law of floatation and applications, e.g. ships and          hydrometers.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:
i.   distinguish between density  and relative density of substances;
ii.  determine the upthrust on a body immersed in a liquid;
iii. apply Archimedes' principle and law of floatation to solve problems.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

12.Temperature and Its Measurement
(i)  concept of temperature.
(ii) thermometric properties.
(iii)calibration of thermometers.
(iv) temperature scales —Celsius and Kelvin.
(v)  types of thermometers.
(vi) conversion from one scale  of temperature to another.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.identify thermometric properties of materials that'are used for different   thermometers;
ii.calibrate thermometers;
iii.differentiate between temperature scales e.g Clesius and Kelvin.
iv. compare the types of thermometers;
vi. convert from one scale of temperature to another.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

13. Thermal Expansion
(a)   Solids
(i)   definition and determination of linear, volume and area expansivities
(ii)  effects and applications, e.g. expansion in building strips and railway lines
(iii) relationship between different expansivities

(b) Liquids

(i) volume expansivity.
(ii) real and apparent expansivities.
(iii) determination of volume expansivity.
(iv) anomalous expansion of water.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine linear and volume expansivities;
ii.assess the effects and applications of thermal expansivities.
iii.determine the relationship between different expansivities.
iv. determine volume, apparent, and real expansivities of liquids;
v.  analyse the anomalous expansion of water.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

14.Gas Laws
(i) Boyle's law (PV = constant).
(ii)Charle's law ( V/P = constant).
(iii)Pressure law ( P/T = constant).
(iv) Absolute zero of temperature.
 (v) General gas equation ( PV /T= constant).
 (vi)  Ideal gas equation (Pv=n RT).

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. interpret the gas laws;
ii.use expression of these laws to solve numerical problems.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

15.Quantity of Heat
(i) heat as a form of energy;
(ii)definition of heat capacity and specific heat capacity of solids and liquids;
(iii)determination of heat capacity and specific heat capacity of substances by      simple methods e.g method of mixtures and electrical method.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  differentiate between heat capacity and specific heat capacity;
ii. determine heat capacity and specific heat capacity using simple methods;
iii.examine some numerical problems.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

16.Change of State
(i)  latent heat;
(ii) specific latent heats of fusion and vaporization;
(iii)melting, evaporation and boiling;
(iv) the influence  of pressure  and  of dissolved substances on boiling and melting      points;
(v)  application in appliances.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate between latent heat and specific latent heats of fusion and    vaporization;
ii.differentiate between melting, evaporation and boiling;
iii.examine the effects of pressure and of dissolved substance on boiling and     melting points.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

17.Vapours
(i)  unsaturated and saturated vapours;
(ii) relationship between saturated vapour pressure (S.V.P) and boiling;        
(iii)determination of  S.V.P  by barometer tube method;
(iv) formation of dew, mist,  fog, and rain;
(v)  study of dew point, humidity and relative humidity;
(vi) hygrometry;    estimation    of  the humidity of the atmosphere using wet and      dry bulb hydrometers.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. distinguish between saturated and unsaturated vapours;
ii.relate saturated vapour pressure to boiling point;
iii.determine S.V.P by barometer tube method;
iv. differentiate   between   dew point, humidity and relative humidity;
 v  estimate the humidity of the atmosphere   using   wet   and dry bulb hydrometers.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

18.Structure of Matter and Kinetic Theory
(a) Molecular nature of matter
(i) atoms and molecules;
(ii) molecular theory:explanation of Brownian motion, diffusion, surface tension,      capillarity, adhesion, cohesion and angles of contact;
(iii) examples and applications.

(b)Kinetic Theory
(i)  assumptions of the kinetic theory;
(ii) using the theory to explain the  pressure  exerted  by  gas, Boyle's,Charles'      law,melting,boiling,vapourization,change in temprature evaporation,etc.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  differentiate between atoms and molecules;
ii. use molecular theory to explain Brownian motion, diffusion, surface, tension,     capillarity, adhesion, cohesion and angle of contact;
iii.examine the assumptions of kinetic theory;
iv. interpret kinetic theory, the pressure exerted by gases Boyle’s law, Charles law     melting, boiling vaporization, change in temperature, evaporation, etc



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

19. Heat Transfer
(i) Condition, convetion and radiation as modes of heat transfer
(ii)Temperature gradient, thermal conductivity and heat flux
(iii)Effect of the nature of the surface on the energy radiated and absorbed by it.
(iv) The conductivites of common materials
(v)  The thrmos flask Land and sea breeze

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  differentiate between conduction , convention and radiation as modes of heart     transfer;
ii. determine temperature gradient, thermal conductivity and heat flux
iii.assess the effect of the nature of the surface on the energy radiated and     absorbed by it;
iv. compare the conductivities of commonmaterials;
v.  relate  the component part of the working of the thermo flask;
vi. different between land and sea breeze.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

20. Waves
(a)Production and propagation
(i)   Wave motion.
(ii)  Vibrating systems as source of waves.
(iii) Waves as mode of energy transfer.
(iv)  distinction between particle motion and wave motion.
(v)   relationship between frequency wavelength and wave velocity (v=f?).
(vi)  phase difference.
(vii) progressive wave equation e.g y=A sin (2 p(vt+x))/?.

(b) Classification
(i)  Types of waves; mechanical and electromagnetic waves.
(ii) Longitudinal and transverse waves.
(iii)Stationery and progressive waves
(iv) Examples of waves from springs, ropes, stretched strings and the ripple tank.
 
(c) Chracteristics/Properties
(i) Reflection, refractions, diffraction and plane Polarization
(ii)Superposition of waves e.g interference


OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  Interpret wave motion;
ii. Identify vibrating systems as sources of waves;
iii.Use waves as a mode of energy transfer;
iv. Distinguish between particle motion and wave motion;
 v. Relate frequency and wave length to wave velocity;
vi. Determine phase difference;
vii.Use the progressive wave equation to compute basic wave parameters;
viii.Differentiate between mechanical and electromagnetic waves;
ix. Differentiate between longitudinal and transverse waves;
x.  Distinguish between stationary and progressive waves;
xi. Indicate the example of waves generated from springs, ropes, stretched strings     and the ripple tank;
xii.Differenctiate between reflection, refraction, diffraction and plane polarization of waves.
xiii. Analyse the principle of superposition of waves.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

21. Propagation of sound waves
(i)  the necessity for a material medium;
(ii) speed of sound in solids, liquids and air;
(iii)reflection of sound; echoes, reverberation and their applications;
(iv) disadvantages of echoes and reverberations.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  determine the need for a metrial medium in the propagation of sound waves;
ii. compare the speed of sound in solids liquid and air;
iii.relate the effects of temperature and pressure to the speed of sound in air
    solve problem on echoes, reverberation;
iv. compare the disadvantages and echoes.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

22. Characteristics of sound waves
(i)  noise and musical notes;
(ii) quality, pitch, intensity application and loudness and their application to      musical instruments;
(iii)simple treatment of overtones produced by vibrating strings and their coloumns      [F=L/2Lv(T/M)];
(iv) acoustic examples of resonance;
(v)  frequency of a note emitted by air columns in closed and open pipes in      relation to their lengths.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

23. Light Energy
(a) Source of Light:
(i) natural and artificial source of light.
(ii)Luminous and non-luminous objects.

(b)  Propagation of light
(i)  Speed frequency and wavelength of light.
(ii) Formation of shadows and eclipse.
(iii)The pin-hole camera.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate  should be able to:

i.  Compare the natural and artificial sources of light.
ii. Differentiate between luminous and non luminous object.
iii.Relate the speed, frequency and wavelength of light.
iv. Interpret the formation of shadows and eclipse.
 v. Solve problems using the principle of operation of a pin-hole camera.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.


24. Reflection of light a Plane and curved surfaces
(i)  laws of reflection.
(ii) application of reflection of light.
(iii)Formation of images by plane concave and convex mirrors and ray diagrams
(iv) use of the mirror formula.
     [1/f=(1/u)+(1/v).
(v)  Linear magnification.

OBEJCTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  Interpret the laws of reflection;
ii. Illustrate the formation of images by plane, concave and convex mirros;
iii.Apply the mirror formula to solve optical problems;
iv. Determine the linear magnification;
 v. Apply the laws of reflection of light to the working of periscope, kaleidoscope     and the sextant.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

25. Refraction of light through
(a) Plane and Curved Surface
(i)  explanation of refraction in terms of velocity of light in the media;
(ii) laws of refraction;
(iii)definition of refraction index of a medium;
(iv) determination of refraction index of glass and liquid using Snell’s law;
(v)  real and apparent depth and lateral displacement;
(vI) critical angle and total internal reflection.

(b) Glass Prism
(i) Use of the minimum deviation formula.
    U=(sin((A+D)/2))/sin(A/2).
(ii) Type of lenses.
(iii)Use of formula 1/f = (1/u) + (1/v).
(iv) magnification.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  interpret the laws of refelction ;
ii. determine the refractive index of glass and liquid using Snell’s law;
iii.determine the refractive index using the principle of real and apparent depth
iv. determine the conditions necessary for total internal refelction;
 v. examine the use of periscope, prism, binoculars, optical fibre;
vi. Apply the principles of total internal reflection to the formula of mirage;
vii.Use of lens formula and ray diagrams to solve optical numerical problems;
viii.Determine the magnification of an image;
ix.  Calculate the refractive index of a glass prism suing minimum deviation      formula.


TOPIC/CONTENT/NOTEs.

26. Optical Instruments
(i) the principles of miscroscopes, telescopes, projections, cameras and the human     eye(physiological details of the eye are not required).
(ii)power of a lens.
(iii)Angular magnification.
(iV) near and far points.
(v) site defects and their corrections.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  apply the principles of operation of optical instruments to solve problems;
ii. distinguish between the human eye and the cameras;
iii.calculate the power of a lens;
iv. determine the angular magnification of optical instruments;
v.  determine the near and far points;
vi. detect sight defects and their corrections.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

27 (a) dispersion of light and colours
(i)  Dispersion of white light by a triangular prism.
(ii) Production of pure spectrum.
(iii)Colour mixing by addition and subtraction.
(iv) Colour of objects abd colour filters.

(b) electromagnetic spectrum
(i) description of sources and uses of various types of radiation.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  Relate the expression for gravitational force between two bodies;
ii. Apply Newton’s laws of universal gravitation;
iii.Identify primary colours and obtain secondary colour by mixing;
iv. Deduces why objects have colours;
 v. Analyse colours using colour filters;
vi. Analayse the electromagnetic spectrum in relation to their wavelengths,     sources, detection and uses.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

28. Electrostatics
(i)  existence of ositive and negative charges in matter.
(ii) charging a body by friction, contact and induction.
(iii)electroscope.
(iv) Coulomb’s inverse square law electric field and potential.
(v)  electric field and potential.
(vi) electric discharge and lightening.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  Identify charges
ii. Examine uses of an electronscope
iii.apply coulomb’s square law of electrostatic to solve problems
iv. deduce expression for electric field and potential
 v. identify electric field flux patterns of isolated and interacting charges
vi. analyze the distribution of charges on a conductor and how it is used in         lightening conductors.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

29. Capacitors
(i)  Functions of capacitors
(ii) Parallel plate capacitors
(iii)Capacitance of a capacitors
(iv) The relationship between capacitance, area separation of plates and medium      between the plates [C=3A/d].
(v)  Capacitors in series and parallel
(vi) Energy stored in a capacitor


OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  determine uses of capacitors;
ii. analyse parallel plate capacitors;
iii.determine the capacitance of a capacitor;
iv. analyse the factors that affect the capacitance of a capacitor;
 v. solve problems involving the arrangement of capacitor;
vi. determine the energy stored in capacitors.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

30. Electric Cells
(i)   simple voltaic cell and its defects;
(ii)  Daniel cell, Leclanche cell (wet and dry);
(iii) lead acid accumulator and Nickel Iron (Nife) Lithium Ion and Mercury cadmium;
(iv) maintenance of cells and batteries (detail treatment of the chemistry of a      cell is not required;
(v)  arrangement of cell.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  identify the defects of the simple voltaic cell and their corrected;
ii. compare different types of cells including solar cell;
iii.compare the advantages of lead-acid and Nikel iron accumulator;
iv. citance of a capacitor
v.  solve problems involving series and parallel combination of cells.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

31. Current Electricity
(i) electromagnetic force (emf), potential difference (p.d.), current, internal         resistance of a cell and lost volt.
(ii)  Ohm’s law.
(iii) measurement of resistance.
(iv)  meter bridge.  
(v)   resistance in series and in parallel and their combination.
(vi)  the potentiometer method of measuring emf, current and internal resistance of       a cell.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  differentiate between emf p.d current and internal resistance of a cell;
ii. apply ohm’s law to solve problems;
iii.Use meter bridge to calculate resistance;
iv. Compute effective total resistance of both parallel and series arrangement of     resistors;
v.  determine the resistivity and the conductivity of a conductor;
vi. measure emf current and internal resistance of a cell using the potentiometer.



TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

32.Electrical Energy and Power
(i)  concepts of electrical energy and power.
(ii) commercial unit of electric energy and power.
(iii)electric power transmission.
(iv) heating effects of electric current.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  apply the expressions of electrical energy and power to solve problems;
ii. analyse how power is transmitted from the power station to the consumer;
iii.identify the heating effects, of current and its uses.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

33.Magnets and Magnetic Fields
(i)  natural and artificial magnets;
(ii) magnetic properties of soft iron and steel;
(iii)methods of making magnets and demagnetization;
(iv) concept of magnetic field;
(v)  magnetic field of a permanent magnet;
(vi) magnetic field round a straight current carrying conductor, circular wire and      solenoid.
(vii)properties of the earth's magnetic Meld; north and south poles, magnetic      meridian and angle of dip and declination
(viii)flux and flux density
(ix)  variation of magnetic field intensity over the earth's  surface
(x)   applications: earth's magnetic field in navigation and mineral exploration.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.   give examples of natural and artificial magnets;
ii.  differentiate between the magnetic properties of soft iron and steel;
iii. identify  the  various  methods of making magnets and  demagnetizing magnets;
iv.  describe how to keep a magnet from losing its magnetism;
 v.  determine the flux pattern exhibited when two magnets are  placed together      pole to pole;
vi.  determine  the  flux  of a current carrying conductor, circular wire and           solenoid including the polarity of the solenoid;
vii. determine the flux pattern of magnetic placed in the earth's magnetic fields;
viii.identify the magnetic elements of the earth's flux;
ix.  determine the variation of earth's magnetic field on the earth's surface;
x.   examine the applications of   the earth's magnetic field.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

34.Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
(i) quantitative treatment of force between two parallel current carrying        conductors.
(ii) Force on a charge moving in a magnetic field.
(iii)The dc motor.
(iv) Electromagnets.
(v)  Carbon microphone.
(vi) Moving coil and moving iron instruments.
(vii)Conversion of galvanometers to ammeters and voltmeter using shunts and      multipliers.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  determine the direction of force on a current carrying conductor using     Fleming’s left-hand rule:
ii. interpret the attractive and repulsive forces between two parallel current     carrying conductors using diagrams:
iii.determine the relationship between the force, magnetif field strength,     velocity and the angle though which the charge enters the field
iv. interpret the working of the d. c. motor
 v. analyse the principle of electromagnets give examples of its application
vi. compare moving iron and moving coil instruments
vii.converts a galvanometer into an ammeter or a voltmeter



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

35. (a) Electromagnetic Induction.
(i) Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
(ii)Factors affecting induced emf.
(iii)Lenz’s law as an illustration of the principle of conservation of energy .
(iv) a.c and d.c generators.
(v)  Transformers.
(vi) The induction coil.

(b) Inductance
(i)   Explanation of inductance.’
(ii)  Unit of inductor.
(iii) Energy stored ina n inductance
      E= 1I2 L/2.
(iv) Application/uses of inductors.

c.Eddy Current

i. reduction of eddy current.
ii. application of eddy current.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  interpret the laws of electromagnetic induction;
ii. identify the factors affecting induced emf;
iii.recognize how Lenz’ law illustrates the principle of conservation of energy;
iv. interpret the diagrammatic setup of A.C. generators;
 v. indentify the types of transformer;
vi. examine principles of operation of transformers;
vii.assess the functions of an induction coil;
viii.draw some conclusions from the principles of operation of an induction coil;
ix.  interpret the inductance of an inductor;
 x.  recognize units of inductance of an inductor;
xi.  calculate the effective total inductance in series and parallel arrangement;
xii. deduce the expression for the energy stored in an inductor;
xiii.examine the applications of inductors;
xiv. describe the method by which eddy current losses can be reduced;
xv.  determine the ways by which eddy current can be used.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

36. Simple A.C. Circuits
i.  Explanation of a.c current and voltage.
ii. Peak and r.m.s values.
iii A.C. sources connected to a resistor.
iv. A.C. sources connected to a capacitor-capacitive reactance.
 v. A.C. sources connected to an inductor-inductive reactance.
vi. Series R-L-C circuits.
vii.Vector diagram.
viii.Reactance and impedance of alternative quantities
ix. Effective voltage in an R-L-C circuits
x.  Resonance and resonance frequency
    [F0 =1/(2pvLC)



OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.   identify A.C. current of and d. d. voltage;
ii.  differentiate between the peak and r.m.s. values of a.c;
iii. determine the phase difference between current and voltage;
iv.  nterpret series R-L-C circuit;
v.   analyse vector diagrams;
vi.  calculate the effective voltage reactance and impedance;
vii. recognize the condition by which the circuit is at resonance;
viii.determine the resonant frequency of R-L-C arrangement;
ix.  determine the instantaneous power, average power and the power factor in a           circuit.



TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

37. Conduction of Electricity through liquid
(a)  liquids.
(i)  electrolytes and non electrolytes.
(ii) concept of electrolysis.
(iii) Faradays law of electroysis.
(iv)  application of electrolysis e.g electroplating, calibration of ammeter etc.

(b) gases
(i) discharges through gases(quantitative treatment only).
(ii) application of conduction of electricity through gases.



OBJECTIVES:
Candidate should be able to:

i.  distinguish  between electrolytes and non-electrolytes
ii. analyse the processes of electrolytes
iii.apply faraday’s laws of electrolysis to solve problems
iv. analyse discharge through gases
 v. determine some applications/uses of conduction of electricity through gases.



TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

38. Elementary Modern Physics.
(i)   models of the atom and their limitations.
(ii)  elementary structure of the atom.
(iii) energy level and spectra.
(iv)  thermionic and photoelectric emissions.
(v)   einstein’s equation and stopping potential.
(vi)  applications of thermionic emissions and photoelectric effects.
(vii) simple method of production of x-rays.
(viii)properties and applications of alpha, beta and gamma rays.
(xiii)halflife and decay constant.
(xiv) simple ideas of production energy by fission.
(xv)  binding energy, mass defect and Eintein’s Energy equation[?E=?Mc^2.
(xvi) wave-particle paradox (duality of matter).
(xvii)electron diffraction.
(xviii)the uncertainty principle.


OBJECTIVES.
Candidate should be able to:

i.  identify the models of the atom and write their limitation;
ii. describe elementary structure of the atom;
iii.differentiate between the energy levels and spectra of atom;
iv. compare thermionic emission and photoelectric effects;
 v. apply  Einstein’s equation to solve problems of photoelectric effect;
vi. calculate the stopping potential;
vii.relate some application of thermionic emission and photoelectric effects;
viii.interpret the process involved in the production of x-rays;
ix. identify come properties and application of x-rays;
x.  analyse elementary radioactivity;
xi. distinguish between stable and unstable nuclei;
xii.Identify isotopes of an element;
xiii.compare the properties of alpha beta and gamma rays;
xiv. relate half life and decay constant of a radioactive element;
xv.  determine the binding energy, mass defect and Einsteins’s energy equation;
xvi. analyse wave particle duality;
xvii.Solve some numerical problems based on the uncertainty principle.



TOPIC/COMMENT/NOTES.


39. Introductory Electronics
(i) distinguish between metals semi conductors and insulators(elementary knowledge of     band gap is required).
(ii) intrinsic and extrinsic semi conductor
(iii)uses of semiconductors and diodes in rectification and transistors in      amplification.
(iv) n-type and p-type semi-conductors.
(v)  elementary knowledge of diode and transistors.
(vi) use of semiconductors and diodes in rectification and transistors in      amplification.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates ’should be able to:
i.  differentiate between conducturs, semi conductors and insulators;
ii. distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors;
iii.distinguish between electron and hole carrier;
iv. distinguish between n-type and p-type semi-conductor;
 v. analyse diodes to rectification and transistor to amplification.

Physics

RECOMMENDED TEXTS

1.Okeke, P. N and Anyakoha, M. W (2000) Senior Secondary School Physics,
Lagos: Pacific Printers
2.Olumuyionwa A. and Ogunkoya O. O (1992) Comprehensive Certificate
Physics,Ibadan: University Press Pic.
Ike, E. E (2006) Essential Principles of Physics, Aba Enic Publishers
Ike, E. E (2005) Numerical Problems and Solutions in Physics, F = Ma Enic
Publishers, Aba
5.Ike, E. E. (2009) Introductory University Physics Enic Publishers, Jos
6.Abbott, A. F. Principle of Physics (Fifth Edition) Heinemann Educational
   Publishere Halley Court, Jordan   Education Limited.
7.  Anyakoha M. W. (2010) New School Pyhsics for Senior Secondary Schools (Third Edition) Africana First Publishers Pic

LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

GENERAL OBJECTIVES.
The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Literature in English is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

1.Stimulate and sustain their interest in Literature in English;
2.Create an awareness of the general principles and functions of language;
3.Appreciate literary works of all genres and across all cultures;
4.Apply the knowledge of Literature in English to the analysis of social, political   and economic events in the society.

DETAILED SYLLABUS

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1. DRAMA
a.Types:      
i.Tragedy.
ii.Comedy.
iii.Tragicomedy.
iv. Melodrama.
 v. Farce.

b. Dramatic Techniques
i.Characterisation.
ii.Dialogue.
iii.Flashback.
iv. Mime.
 v. Costume.
vi. Music/Dance.
vii.Décor.
viii.Acts/Scenes.
ix.Soliloquy/aside etc..

c. Interpretation of the PrescribedTexts
i.Theme.
ii.Plot.
iii.Socio-political context.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify the various types  of drama;
ii.analyse  the  contents  of  the various types of drama;
iii.compare and contrast the features of different dramatic types;
iv. demonstrate adequate knowledge of dramatic techniques used in each prescribed         text;
 v. differentiate between  styles of  selected playwrights;
vi. determine  the  theme  of  any prescribed text;
vii.identify the plot of the play;
viii.apply the lessons of the play to everyday living.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2.   PROSE
a. Types:
i.  Fiction.
•   Novel.
•   Novella.
•   Short story.

ii. Non-fiction
•   Biography.
•   Autobiography.
•   Memoir.
b. Narrative Techniques/Devices:
i.   Point of view.
•Omni scent/ThirdPerson.
•First Person.
ii. Setting.
•Temporal.
•Spatial/Geographical.
iii. Characterisation.
•Round characters.
•Flat characters.
iv. Language use.

c. Textual Analysise
i. Theme.
ii. Plot.
iii. Socio-political context.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. differentiate between types of prose;
ii.identify the category that each  prescribed text belongs to;
iii.analyse  the  components  of  each type of prose;
iv.identify the narrative techniques used in each of the prescribed texts;
 v.determine an author's narrative style;
vi.distinguish between one type of character from another,
vii.determine the thematic pre- occupation of the author  of the prescribed text;
viii.indicate the plot of the novel;
ix.relate the prescribed text to real life situations.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.
3. POETRY
a. Types:
i.Sonnet.
ii.Ode.
iii.Lyrics.
iv.Elegy.
 v.Ballad.
vi.Panegyric.
vii.Epic.
viii.Blank Verse.
b. PoeticDevices
i.Sructure.
ii.Imagery.
iii.Rhyme/Rhythm.
iv.Diction.
 v.Personal.
c. Appreciation.
i.Thematic preoccupation.
ii.Socio-political relevance.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.identify different types of poetry;
ii.compare and contrast features of different  poetic types:
iii.determine the devices used by various poets;
iv.show how poetic devices are usedfor aesthetic effect in each poem;
 v.deduce the poet's preoccupation from the poem;
vi.appraise poetry as an art with moral values;
vii.apply the lessons from the poem to real life situations.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.
4. GENERAL LITERACY PRINCIPLES.

a. Literary terms:
foreshadowing, suspense, theatre, monoloque, dialoque, soliloquy, symbolism, protagonist, ntagonist, figures of speech, satire, stream of consciousness etc, in addition to those listed above under the different genres.
b. Relationship between literary terms and principles.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. identify literary terms in drama, prose and poetry;
ii.differentiate between literaryterms and principles;
iii.use literary terms appropriately.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.
5. LITERARY APPRECIATION.

Unseen passage/extracts from Drama, Prose and Poetry.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. determine literary devices used in a given passage/extract;
ii.provide a meaningful inter- pretation of the given passage/extract;
iii.relate the extract to true life experiences.

Literature in English

A LIST OF SELECTED AFRICAN AND NON-AFRICAN PLAYS, NOVELS AND POEMS.

DRAMA:
African:
i. JC De Craft: Sons and Daughters, UPL Non-African:
i. William Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet, Newswan POETRY:
African:
i. Buchi Emecheta: The Joys of Motherhood, Heinemann.
ii.Ferdinand Oyono: The Old Man and the Medal, Heinenmann.
Non-African:
George Orwell: Nineteen Eighty Four, Newswan.
POETRY:
African:
i. Adeoti Gbemisola: 'Naked Soles'.
ii.D.Rubadiri: 'An African Thunderstorm'.
iii.Kobcna Eyi Acquah: 'In the novel of the Soul'.
iv.Mazisi Kunene: 'Heritage of Liberation'.
 v.Okinba Launko: 'End of the War'.
vi.Traditional: 'Give me the Minstrel's Seat'.
Non-African:
i. Andrew Mabel: 'To His Coy Mistress' .
ii.D.H.Lawrence: 'Bat' .
iii.T. S. Elliot: 'The Journey of the Magi' .
iv. Wendy Cope: 'Sonnet'.

Literature in English

RECOMMENDED TEXTS

1.ANTHOLOGIES
Gbemisola, A. (2005) Naked Soles, Ibadan Kraft
Eruvbctine, A. E. ct al (1991) Poetry for Secondary Schools, Lagos: Longman
Hayward. J. (cd.) (1968) The Penguin Book of English Verse, London Penguin Johnson, R. et al (eds.) (1996) New Poetry from Africa, Ibadan: UP Pic
Kermode, F. et al (1964) Oxford Anthology of English Literature, Vol. II,
London: OUP
Launko, O. (1987) Minted Coins, Ibadan: Heinemann
Senanu, K. E. and Vincent* T. (eds.) (1993) A Selection of African Poetry,
Lagos: Longman
Sonyinka, W. (ed.) (1987) Poems of Black Africa, Ibadan: Heinemann
Wendy Cope (1986) Making Cocoa for Kingsley Amis, London: Faber and
Faber

2.CRITICAL TEXTS
 Abrams, M. H. (1981) A. Glossary of Literary Terms, (4th Edition) New York,
Holt Rinehalt and Winston
Emeaba, O. E. (1982) A Dictionary of Literature, Aba: Inteks Press
Murphy, M. J. (1972) Understanding Unseen, An Introduction to English Poetry
and English Novel forOverseas Students, George Allen and Unwin Ltd.
Nwachukwu-Agbada. J. O. J. (2005) Exam Focus: Literature in English, Ibadan:
UP Pic.

USE OF ENGLISH
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Use of English is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

(1) communicate effectively in both written and spoken English;
(2) have a sound linguistic basis for learning at the tertiary level.

The syllabus consists of two sections
SECTION A: Comprehension/Summary
SECTION B: Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms

B   DETAILED SYLLABUS

   TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES

1. Comprehension/Summary
(a) description.
(b) narration.
(c) exposition.
(d) argumentation/persuasion.

(i)  Each of the four passages to be set (one will be a close test) should reflect      various disciplines and be about 400 words long.
(ii) Questions on the passages, The Potter's Wheel by Chukwuemeka Ike and The      Successors by Jerry Agada will test the following:
 (a) Comprehension of the whole or part of each  passages.
 (b) Comprehension of words,  phrases, clauses, sentences, figures of speech and           idioms as used in the passages.
 (c) Coherence and logical reasoning (deductions,  inferences, etc.)
 (d) Synthesis of ideas from the passages.

NOTE:
 By synthesis of ideas is meant the art of combining distinct or separate pieces of information to form a complex whole, that is;" the ability to make generalizations from specific ideas mentioned in the passages, such generalizations involve identifying the mood or tone of the writer, his attitude to the subject matter, his point of view, etc. In this regard, synthesis is a higher-level skill than summary.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.   identify main points in passages;
ii.  determine implied meaning;
iii. identify the grammatical functions of words, phrases  and clauses and figurative      idiomatic expression;
iv.  deduce or infer the writer's opinion, mood, attitude to the
     subject matter, etc.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2. Lexis, Structural and Oral Forms

2.1 Lexis and Structure
(a) synonyms.
(b) antonyms.
(c) homonyms.
(d) clause and sentence patterns.
(e) word classes and their functions.
(f) mood, tense, aspect, number, agreement/concord, degree (positive, comparative and     superlative) and question tags.
(g) punctuation and spelling.
(h) ordinary usage (words in their denotative or dictionary sense), figurative usage     (expressions used in ways other than literal) and idiomatic usage (expressions whose    meanings cannot be determined hrough a mere combination of individual words) are to    be  tested.

NOTE:
 Idioms to be tested will be those expressed in standard British English (i.e those with universal acceptability).

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i. use words and expressions in their ordinary, figurative and idiomatic contexts;
ii. determine similar and opposite meanings:
iii. differentiate between correct and incorrect punctuation and spelling;
iv. identify various grammatical pattern in use;
v. interpret information conveyed in sentences.


TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2.2 Oral Forms
(a)Vowels (monophthongs and diphthongs.
(b)Consonants (including clusters).
(c)Rhymes (homophones).
(d)Stress (word, sentence and emphatic).
(e)Intonation.

NOTE:
Sentence stress should not be mistaken or emphatic or contrastive stress.It involves the placement of normal stress on content words (nouns, main verbs, adjectives and adverbs) in an utterance. Here, no emphasis or contrast is intended. For example, the words 'see' and 'soon' would normally be stressed in the sentence, Til see you soon*.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.  distinguish correct from incorrect  vowels;
ii. differentiate correct from incorrect consonants;
iii.identify silent letters, vowel length, consonant clusters, etc.
iv. determine appropriate uses of stress in words (monosyllable, disyllable and     polysyllable) and in sentences (emphatic/contrastive);
v.  detect partial and complete rhymes

C. THE STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATION

SECTION A:
Comprehension/Summary
(a)2 comprehension passages (10 questions in all, 3 marks each) = 30 marks
(b)I cloze passage (10 questions in all, 2 marks each) = 20 marks
(c)2 texts (The Potter's Wheel 10 questions -15 marks and The Successors 5 questions-10 marks) = 25 marks

SECTION B:
Lexis, Structure and Oral Forms
(a)Sentence interpretation (10 questions in all, 2 marks each) = 20 marks
(b)Antonyms (opposite in meaning - 10 questions in all, 1 mark each) = 10 marks
(c)Synonyms (same in meaning - 10 questions in all, 1 mark each) = 10 marks
(d)Sentence completion (filling in the gaps - 20 questions in all, 1 mark each) = 20 marks
(e)Oral forms (15 questions in all, 1 mark each) =15 marks Total: 100 questions = 150 marks

Use of English
RECOMMENDED TEXTS      
Bamgbosc, A. (2002) English Lexis and Structure for Senior Secondary Schools and colleges (Revised Edition), Ibadan: Heinemann
Banjo, A. eta 1 (2004) New Oxford Secondary English Course Book Six for Senior Secondary Schools, Ibadan: UP Pic.
Banjo, A. Ayodele, S. and Ndahi, K. S. (1997) Exam Focus: English for WASSCE and SSCE, Ibadan UP Pic
Caesar, O. J. (2003) Essential Oral English for Schools and Colleges, Lagos: Tonad Publishers Limited
Egbe, D. I (1996) Mastering English Usage and Communication Skills, Lagos: Tisons
Elugbe, B. (2000) Oral English for Schools and Colleges, Ibadan: Heinemann
Grant, N. J. H, Nnamonu, S. Jowitt, D. (1998) Senior English Project 3, (New Edition) Harlow: Longman
Idowu, O. O, Sogbeson, T. S, Adofo, A. K. Burgess, D. F and Burgess, L. J. (1998) Round-up English: A Complete Guide, Lagos: Longman
Idris, U. (2001) Oral English at Your Fingertips for Schools and Colleges, Lagos, M. Youngbrain Publishers
Igwe, S. O. Atoye, R. O. and Olayiwola, B. A. (2005) JAMB Success: English Language for UME, PCE, Ibadan: UP Pic
Nnamonu, S. and Jowitt, D. (1987) Use of English: JAMB Practice Tests, Lagos: Longman.
Nnamonu, S. and Jowitt, D. (1989) Common Errors in English, Lagos: Longman
Obinna, M. F. (2001) University Matriculation Use of English,(Fourth Edition) Port Harcourt: Sunray Books Limited
Ogunsanwo, O. Duruaku, A. B.C, Ezechukwu, J and Nwachukwu, U. I (2005) countdown English Language, (Revised Edition), Ibadan: Evans
Olatoye, S. (2006) The Silent Teacher, Ado-Ekiti: Segun and Sons Enterprises
Oluikpe, B. O. A, nnaemeka, B. A, Obah, T. Y, Otagburuagu, E. J. Onuigbo, S. and Ogbonna, E. A. (1998) Intensive English for Senior Secondary School 3, Onitsha: Africana - FIRST Publisher.
Tomori, S. H. O (2000) Objective Tests for School Certificate english: Practice in Lexis, Structure and idiom (Reprinted Edition), Ibadan: Heinemann
Ikwuegbu, C, Okoro, O., idris, A. u, Okebukola, F. O. and Owokade, C. p. (2002) Catch-up English for SSCE/UME, Ibadan: Heinemann
Wisdomline Pass at Once JAMB.

MATHEMATICS
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) syllabus in Mathematics is to prepare the candidates for the Board's examination. It is designed to test the achievement of the course objectives, which are to:

(1)acquire computational and manipulative skills;
(2)develop precise, logical and formal reasoning skills;
(3)apply mathematical concepts to resolve issues in daily living;

This syllabus is divided into five sections:

I. Number and Numeration.
II.Algebra
III.Geometry/Trigonometry.
IV.Calculus
V.Statistics

DETAILED SYLLABUS

TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES.

SECTION I: NUMBER AND NUMERATION.
1. Number bases:
(a) Operations in different number bases from 2 to 10;
(b) Conversion from one base to another including fractionalparts.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i Perform four basic operations' (x,+,-,÷)
ii.Convert one base to another.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2.  Fractions, Decimals,   Approximations and Percentages:

(a) Fractions and decimals.
(b) Significant figures.
(c) Decimal places.
(d) Percentage errors.
(e) Simple interest.
(f) Profit and loss per cent.
(g) Ratio, proportion and rate.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Perform basic operations (x,+,-, ÷) on fractions and decimals;
ii.Express  to  specified  number of significant   figures   and decimal   places.
iii.Calculate simple interest, profit and loss per cent, ratio proportion and rate.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Indices, Logarithms and Surds:
(a) Laws of indices.
(b) Standard form.
(c) Laws of logarithm.
(d) Logarithm of any positive number to a given base.
(e) Change of bases in logarithm and application.
(f) Relationship between indices and logarithm.
(g) Surds.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Apply the laws of indices in calculation;
ii.Establish the relationship between indices and logarithms in solving problems;
iii.Solve problems in different bases in logarithms.
iv.Simplify and rationalize surds.
 v.Perform basic operation on surds.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.
4. Sets:
(a) Types of sets.
(b) Algebra of sets.
(c) Venn diagrams and their application.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.Identify types of sets, i.e empty, universal, compliments, subsets, finite,   infinite and disjoint sets;
ii.Solve set problems using symbol;
iii.Use Venn  diagrams  to  solve problems involving not more than 3 sets.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.
SECTION II: ALGEBRA.

i. Polynomials:
(a) Change of subject of formula.
(b) Factor and remainder theorems.
(c) Factorization   of polynomials of degree not exceeding 3.
(d) Multiplication and division of polynomials.
(e) Roots of polynomials not exceeding degree 3.
(f) Simultaneous equations including one linear, one quadratic.
(g) Graphs of polynomials of degree not greater than 3.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.Find the subject of the formula of a  given equation;
ii.Apply factor and remainder theorem to factorize a given expression;
iii.Multiply and divide polynomials of degree not more than 3;
iv.Factorize by regrouping difference of two squares, perfect squares, etc.
 v.Solve simultaneous equations - one linear, one quadratic;
vi.Interpret   graphs   of   polynomials including application to maximum and minimum    values.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2. Variation:
(a) Direct.
(b) Inverse.
(c) Joint.
(d) Partial.
(e) Percentage increase and decrease.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Solve  problems  involving direct, inverse, joint and partial variations.
ii.Solve problems on percentage  increase and decrease in variation.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Inequalities:
(a) Analytical and graphical solutions of linear inequalities.
(b) Quadratic inequalities with integral roots only.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

Solve problems on linear and quadratic Inequalities both analytically and graphically.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.
4. Progression:
(a) nth term of a progression;
(b) sum of  A. P. and G. P.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Determine the nth term of a progression;
ii.Compute the sum of A. P. and G.P;
iii.Sum to infinity a given G.P.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5. Binary Operations:
(a) Properties of closure, commutativity, associativity  and distributivity.
(b) Identity and inverse elements.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Solve problems involving closure, commutativity, associativity and distributivity.
ii.Solve problems  involving  identity and inverse elements.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

6. Matrices and Determinants:
(a) Algebra of matrices not exceeding 3x3.
(b) Determinants of matrices not  exceeding 3x3.
(c) Inverses of 2 x 2 matrices [excluding  quadratic and higher degree  equations.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.Perform basic operations (x,+, ÷,-) on matrices;
ii.Calculate determinants;
iii.Compute inverses of 2 x 2 matrices.


SECTION III: GEOMETRIC AND TRIGONOMETRY.

TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1.  Euclidean Geometry:
(a)  Angles and lines.
(b)  Polygon; triangles, quadrilaterals  and general polygon.
(c)  Circles, angle properties, cyclic, quadr ilaterals and  interesting chords.
(d)  Construction.

OBJECTIVES:
Candidates should be able to:

i.  Identify various types of lines and angles;
ii. Solve problems involving polygons;
iii.Calculate  angles  using   circle
iii.Theorems;
iv. Identify construction procedures of special angles, e.g. 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°     etc.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2.   Mensuration:
(a)  Lengths and areas of plane  geometrical figures.
(b)  Length s of arcs and chords of a circle.
(c)  Areas of sectors and segments of  circle.
(d)  Surface areas and volumes of simple solids and composite   figures.
(e)  The earth as a sphere, longitudes  and latitudes.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Calculate the perimeters and areas of triangles, quadrilaterals, circles and    composite figures;
ii.Find the length of an arc. a chord and areas of sectors and segments of circles;
iii.Calculate total surface areas and volumes  of cuboids,  cylinders.Cones,pyramids,     prisms, sphere  and composite figures;
iv.Determine the distance between two points on the earth's surface.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3.Loci:
Locus in 2 dimensions based on geometric principles relating to lines and curves.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

(i).Identify and interpret loci relating to parallel lines, perpendicular bisectors     angle bisectors and circles.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

4.Coordinate Geometry:
(a)Midpoint and gradient of a line segment.
(b)Distance between two points.
(c)Parallel and perpendicular lines.
(d)Equations of straight lines.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Determine the midpoint and gradient of a line segment;
ii.Find distance between two points;
iii.Identify conditions for parallelism and perpendicularity.
iv. Find the equation of a line in the  two-point form, point-slope form, slope     intercept   form  and  the general form.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5.   Trigonometry:
(a) Trigonometric ratios of angels.
(b) Angles, of elevation and  depression and bearing.
(c) Areas and solutions of triangle
(d) Graphs of sine and cosine
(e) sine and cosine formulae.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Calculate  the   sine,   cosine   and tangent of angles  between - 360°=  0=360°;
ii.Apply those special angles, e.g. 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°,  135° to solve simple    problems  in trigonometry.
iii.Solve problems involving angles of elevation and depression and bearing;
iv. Apply trigonometric formulae to find areas of triangles;
v.  Solve problems involving sine and cosine graphs.

SECTION IV: CALCULUS

TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

I. Differentiation:
(a)limit of a function;
(b)differentiation of explicit  algebraic and simple trigonometric    functions - sine,cosine and tangent.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i. Find the limit of a function;
ii.Differentiate explicit algebraic and simple trigonometric functions.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2. Application of differentiation:
(a) rate of change.
(b) maxima and minima.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

Solve problems involving applications of rate of change, maxima and minima.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Integration:
(a) integration of explicit algebraic and simple trigonometric functions.
(b) Area under the curve.

OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:

i.Solve  problems  of integration -  involving algebraic and simple trigonometric   functions;
ii.Calculate area under the curve (simple  cases only).


SECTION V: STATISTICS

TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

1. Representation of data:
(a) Frequency distribution
(b) Histogram, bar chat and pie chart

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be to:

i. Identify and interpret frequency distribution tables;
ii.Interprete  information on histogram, bar  chat and pie chart.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

2. Measures of Location:
(a)  Mean, mode  and  median  of  grouped and ungrouped data (simple cases only) –
(b)  Cumulative frequency.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

i.  Calculate the mean, mode and median of ungrouped and grouped data (simple cases     only)
ii. Use or give to find the median quartiles and percentiles.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

3. Measures of Dispersion:
Range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation.

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

Calculate the range, mean deviation, variance and standard deviation of grouped and ungrouped data.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.
4. Permutation and Combination:

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

Solve  simple  problems  involving permutation and combination.


TOPIC/CONTENTS/NOTES.

5. Probability

OBJECTIVES.
Candidates should be able to:

Solve simple problems in probability including addition and multiplication).


Mathematics

RECOMMENDED TEXTS.

Adelodun A. A (2000) Distinction in Mathematics: Comprehensive Revision Text, (3rd Edition) Ado-Ekiti: FNPL.
Anyebe, J. A. B (1998) Basic Mathematics for Senior Secondary Schools and Remedial Students in Higher Institutions, Lagos: Kenny Moore.
Channon, J. B. Smith, A. M (2001) New General Mathematics for West Africa SSS1 to 3, Lagos: Longman.
David -Osuagwu, M. et al (2000) New School Mathematics for Senior Secondary Schools, Onitsha: Africana - FIRST Publishers.
Egbe. E et al (2000) Further Mathematics, Onitsha: Africana -FIRST Publishers

Ibude, S. O. et al (2003) Algebra and Calculus for Schools and Colleges: LINCEL Publishers.
Tuttub - Adegun M. R. et al (1997), Further Mathematics Project Books 1 to 3, Ibadan; NPS Educational
Oloworise Femi John (2009) Complete Mathematics, Jolem publishers, Kaduna
Paul Sisson (2003) College algebra, Hawks Publishing
10.Earl W. Swokowski Jeffery A. Cole (2007) Algebra and trigometry with analytic geometry, Thompson Books/Cole
11 .R. Smedley and G. Wiseman (2001) Intoducing pure Mathematics Sedition, Oxford Univ. Press
12. A. Godman and J. F. Talbert (2005) Additional Mathematics Pure and applied, Longman Publishers
13. Murrey R. Spiegel and Lary J. Stephens (1998) Schaum's outline series
Third edition, McGrew Hill, U.S.A